Polycarbonate (PC) is a colorless, transparent thermoplastic polymer with carbonate groups in its molecular chain. Classified by structure as aliphatic, aromatic or aliphatic‑aromatic, only aromatic PC is industrially produced, as other types have limited mechanical properties.
PC features high transparency, heat resistance, superior impact strength, B1 flame retardancy and good processability. It outperforms PMMA in impact resistance and refractive index; flame‑retardant grades meet UL94 V‑0. PMMA remains lower‑priced, but the gap is narrowing as PC production scales up.
Properties:
- Density: 1.20–1.22 g/cm³
- Heat distortion temp: 130°C
- Softens at 140°C, melts at 220°C
- Self‑extinguishing, low toxic fumes
- Linear expansion coefficient: 3.8×10⁻⁵ cm/cm·°C
PC has moderate wear resistance (surface treatments available). It withstands −100°C to 135°C with stable mechanical performance, but is not resistant to strong acids, alkalis or long‑term UV exposure. Avoid prolonged contact with water above 60°C. Widely used in construction, electronics, sound barriers and protective applications.
